Information on
Cleanroom classes

The concentration of airborne particles in cleanrooms must be kept below a certain level in order to protect the products produced in them. Particle measurements are carried out to determine cleanroom classes, usually using optical particle counters that record the size and number of particles. Cleanrooms are classified on the basis of the values determined.

Different standards exist for classification, which are used depending on the main contamination and industry. In semiconductor and aerospace technology, for example, the focus is on particles, in food technology on microorganisms and in pharmaceuticals on the bacterial count.

Common standards are ISO standard 14644-1 and GMP guideline Annex 1. The cleanroom classes are based on the maximum number of particles of a defined size of 0.1 micrometres to 5.0 micrometres per cubic metre of air.

Cleanroom classes according to ISO 14644-1

The cleanroom classes according to ISO 14644-1 focus on airborne particles. This standard is therefore primarily used in semiconductor production and aerospace technology. According to the EN ISO 14644-1 cleanroom classification, cleanrooms are divided into nine classes, with class 1 being the cleanest class.

Cleanroom classes according to ISO 14644-1, particles per m³

Class ≥ 0.1 µm ≥ 0.2 µm ≥ 0.3 µm ≥ 0.5 µm ≥ 1.0 µm ≥ 5.0 µm
ISO 1 10          
ISO 2 100 24 10      
ISO 3 1,000 237 102 35    
ISO 4 10.000 2.370 1.020 352 83  
ISO 5 100.000 23.700 10.200 3.520 832  
ISO 6 1.000.000 237.000 102.000 35.200 8.320 293
ISO 7       352.000 83.200 2.930
ISO 8       3.520.000 832.000 29.300
ISO 9       35.200.000 8.320.000 293.000

Cleanroom classes according to GMP guideline Annex 1

The GMP guidelines focus on microbiological and airborne contaminants; this standard is used, for example, in the production of pharmaceuticals. A distinction is made between cleanroom classes A, B, C and D, with class A having the strictest requirements.

Cleanroom classes according to GMP guideline Annex 1, maximum permitted particle count per m³

Class resting state ≥ 0.5 µm resting state ≥ 5 µm operating state ≥ 0.5 µm operating state ≥ 5 µm
A 3.520 20 3.520 20
B 3.520 29 352.000 2.900
C 352.000 2.900 3.520.000 29.000
D 3,520,000 29,000 not specified not specified